What Age Is Considered Elderly in Canada?

The definition of "elderly" can vary depending on the context, but in Canada, age classifications are often tied to government benefits, social services, and general societal perspectives. While there is no single legal definition, people are typically considered elderly between the ages of 60 and 65, depending on the criteria being used.

Government Definitions of Elderly

In Canada, many social programs and benefits start at age 65. For example, the Old Age Security (OAS) pension and the Guaranteed Income Supplement (GIS) are available to citizens and permanent residents once they reach this age. Similarly, most provincial and federal senior discounts, healthcare benefits, and support programs use 65 as the threshold.

However, some benefits and programs begin at a younger age. The Canada Pension Plan (CPP) allows retirement benefits to start as early as 60, though full benefits are typically available at 65. Some provinces also offer senior-focused services, such as reduced transit fares or home care assistance, starting at age 60.

Social and Health Perspectives

From a healthcare perspective, aging is often associated with increased medical needs, but not everyone over 60 or 65 is considered frail or in need of assistance. Many older adults remain active well into their 70s and beyond. However, in medical and gerontological fields, age 65 is often used as a general marker for when people may begin experiencing age-related health concerns.

Societally, the perception of what constitutes "elderly" has changed over time. With longer life expectancies and advances in healthcare, many individuals in their 60s and 70s continue to work, travel, and lead active lifestyles, challenging traditional views of aging.

Legal and Workplace Considerations

In employment, mandatory retirement at 65 was largely abolished in Canada, allowing older individuals to continue working if they choose. However, some workplace policies and insurance plans still use 65 as a benchmark for retirement-related benefits. Additionally, legal protections against age discrimination help ensure that older adults are treated fairly in the workforce and society.

Conclusion

While age 65 is commonly used as the threshold for being considered elderly in Canada, the perception of aging is evolving. Many individuals remain independent and active well beyond this age, and different definitions exist depending on government programs, healthcare, and social attitudes.